Choice Notes On Joshua Through 2 Kings
by F B Meyer
Introduction
Joshua 1 After Moses, Joshua
Joshua 2 The Scarlet Line
Joshua 3 The Passage Of The Jordan
Joshua 4 The Twofold Memorial
Joshua 5 Circumcision Renewed
Joshua 6 Jericho Taken
Joshua 7 The Sin Of Achan
Joshua 8 Ai Taken
Joshua 9 A League With Gibeon
Joshua 10 The Sun Stood Still
Joshua 11 The Conquest Of The North
Joshua 12 Israel's Victories
Joshua 13 The Division Of The Country
Joshua 14 The Portion of Caleb
Joshua 15 The Tribe Of Judah
Joshua 16 The Tribe Of Ephraim
Joshua 17 The Tribe Of Manasseh
Joshua 18 The Tabernacle At Shiloh
Joshua 19 The Division Completed
Joshua 20 The Cities Of Refuge
Joshua 21 The Levites' Cities
Joshua 22 The Altar Of Witness
Joshua 23 Cleave Unto The Lord
Joshua 24 Choose Ye This Day
Introduction
Though there are evident traces of the hand of an editing scribe, who was probably Ezra, or one of his associates,
it is clear that the substance of this book was written when the memory of the events, which it records, were still
recent. There is, therefore, no good reason for doubting that the book was written by Joshua, as the Jewish tradition
alleges.
The book may be divided thus: The entrance to Canaan (Joshua 1-5) The conquest of Canaan (Joshua 6-12)
The distribution and partition (Joshua 13-21).
The settlement and establishment of religion (Joshua 22-24).
A division may also be made into two parts: Joshua 1-12, and Joshua 13-24.
The Book is full of helpful reading, as we hope to indicate in the notes that follow. The young servant and minister
of Moses had absorbed much of the great leader's spirit. This qualified him to lead the people, and to be an eminent
type of our Lord Jesus. His name is an equivalent for Jesus, and means He shall save; "Christ, as Joshua,
is the Captain of our salvation, a leader and commander to the people, to tread Satan under their feet, to put
them in possession of the heavenly Canaan, and to give them rest, which (it is said, Heb 4:8) Joshua did not"
The Book of Joshua is to the Old Testament what the Acts of the Apostles is to the New. Moses and Joshua together
cover the earthly and heavenly ministry of the Lord Jesus. In Him are united the functions of Moses, the Lawgiver,
and of Joshua, the Commander and Leader. The Jericho of the Early Church was Jerusalem, which they compassed for
ten days; at Pentecost, the walls of prejudice fell flat. Ananias and Sapphira were the Achan of the first days.
The successful victories of the Church at Samaria, Antioch, and elsewhere, remind us of the progress of conquest
under Joshua. And the failure of the Church to go forward to the conquest of the nations has a bitter parallel
in the story of Israel's apathy in driving out the Canaanites.
There is also much to be learned by the individual believer. In the story of the inner life, there are close analogies
between this book and the Epistle to the Ephesians. The Jordan is the emblem of our death with Jesus, through which
we pass to the Canaan of the Heavenlies; in which we have to war with the wicked spirits, who contest each foot
of progress. We must have our Gilgals of putting away all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, and we shall also
have our days when the light of the sun lingers on our victorious path.
JOSHUA 1
AFTER MOSES, JOSHUA
Jos 1:1-9 The Divine summons. -- The law, represented by Moses, serves its purpose in revealing to us ourselves,
and showing our impotence and sinfulness; but it cannot conduct us into the land of promise and victory. Our Saviour
Jesus, whom Joshua typified, alone can do that work in and for us. Joshua, who was a prince of the tribe of Ephraim,
was born in Egypt. After the Exodus, he became captain of the host, and typifies the warrior-victor side of our
Saviour's character and work. He, with Caleb, brought back a good report of the land, and magnified the faithfulness
of God; and having been found faithful in the smaller sphere, was promoted to the wider one. To him the Divine
summons came.
The land of rest and triumph is ours by deed of gift; yet we must go up and possess it. We must claim it by putting
down the foot of faith. Though Hittites and their confederates -- the evil habits of the old past -- would make
it impossible for us to realize and enjoy God's provision; yet as we go forward, we shall find that they cannot
stand before us. God is with us, and they cannot stand before Him. The promise of Jos 1:5 is for all Christians
(Heb 13:5-6).
Note the great weapon of successful conflict -- the Word of God(Jos 1:7). The sword of the Spirit is the Word of
God. In His conflict with Satan, Jesus said, repeatedly, "It is written:' We should not only read, but meditate
day and night. Obedience to the principles of the Bible is the key to prosperity in this life and the next.
Jos 1:10-11 Prompt obedience. -- It was enough that God had spoken and promised. Nothing more was required. Joshua
took immediate steps dictated by sanctified common-sense, to prepare the people for that great step in advance
to which he knew the Spirit of God was calling them. "Three days" is constantly used in Scripture in
connection with death and resurrection. Faith does not supersede preparation and precaution, but suggests them.
Jos 1:12-18 The people's voice. -- It must have been very helpful to have God's voice corroborated by that of the
people; especially by that section of them which naturally would not be enthusiastic about the campaign that would
sever them for a time from wives, children, and property. If these were loyal, of course the rest would be. How
hearty and reassuring the response of the two and a half tribes! Oh, to say as much to Christ as they said to Joshua
in Jos 1:16!
JOSHUA 2
THE SCARLET LINE
Jos 2:1-8 The hiding of the Spies. -- To "view the land" (Jos 2:1) was a hazardous enterprise, for the
countenance of the Jews would certainly betray them; and it did. Scripture does not commend Rahab's dishonesty
and lying. Her morality was very faulty, as judged by our standards. But alongside of it there was strong and evident
faith, such as would ultimately bear the fruits of truth and transparency of speech. The brook would certainly
clear itself.
The stalks of flax (Jos 2:6) were probably laid out on the flat roof to dry.
Jos 2:9-13 Rahab's faith. -- Her case, Gentile though she was, is quoted as one of the typical instances of faith
in the same category as Abraham's (Heb 11:31). She believed, on the ground of the wonders wrought in Egypt, that
Jehovah was the true God, and that He would give His people the land. Her faith showed itself in her works: in
her efforts to secure the safety of the spies; in her love to her kindred; and in the safety guaranteed to all
who sheltered under her scarlet cord. That she was sneered at for her infatuated belief is more than probable;
but she wavered not. Her heart was full of the conception of the great God, and she was certain that He could do
as He had said.
Jos 2:14-24 The Covenant and its symbol -- Rahab's trust in the promise of the spies and in the efficacy of the
scarlet line bound around the window -- the sign by which her house would be known in the day of Jericho's judgment
-- was a striking type of the faith that relies on the promises of salvation, and rests within the precious blood
of Christ for salvation. Note the strict condition exacted by the spies (Jos 2:19) as to the extent of their responsibility:
only those who were within the house were to be saved amid the general destruction of the people of Jericho. So
the salvation of Jesus is only available for those who are found "in Him,' and who have responded to His invitation
to shelter under the cover of His atonement, and abide there. To be outside is to be in danger of certain destruction,
though related to a Rahab. What encouragement and stimulus was given through Rahab's faith to the spies, and through
them to Joshua and Israel! Thus may the least in the kingdom of God become a fount of supply and nourishment to
the greatest.
JOSHUA 3
THE PASSAGE OF THE JORDAN
Jos 3:1-6 Preparation for the passage. -- For three days the host remained in view of that swollen river. It was
enough to appall them; unless like Abraham, they dared to look at it as only a foil to set forth God's glorious
power (Rom 4:19). Every means was adopted to impress on the people that the river was cleft, not for them, but
for the Ark of the Lord. It was not only the emblem of the covenant; but the symbol of the visible presence of
Christ, our Propitiatory. The space between the people and the Ark was not only to promote a sense of reverence,
but to make the miracle more apparent to the whole host. Two thousand cubits would be equivalent to about one mile.
We must never go before Christ; but we must surely follow Him, though into the waters of death. The way of the
inner life is through the grave. Each day God says to us, "Ye have not passed this way heretofore." What
need then to follow Jesus! We must sanctify ourselves, if we would see the wonders of God's right hand.
Jos 3:7-13 The last instructions. -- It is an anticipation of the New Testament references to the living Christ,
to hear Joshua speak of the living God (Jos 3:10). He is with us, and will not fail to expel the sevenfold evils
of our hearts, as well as the mighty spirits that possess men's hearts against the Gospel. What God was about to
do was a pledge of what He would do beyond that. Every deliverance is a pledge that God will not fail or forsake
his own. "Hereby ye shall know." ...The victory of the Resurrection is the guarantee of Christ's ultimate
triumph over all. The future, and especially the dark river of death, may lie before us as a swollen stream; but
our Priest is in front, and by His feet there will be a passage made.
Jos 3:14-17 The miracle of the passage. -- The waters far up the stream were blocked, and probably formed themselves
into a vast lake. The bed of the river became dry, and the remnant of the water hurried down to the Dead Sea. Some
miles of dry channels were thus exposed to the passage of the host. The Priests stood still till all Israel had
passed over (Jos 3:17). Not only the leaders, but the led. Not only the Levites and Priests, but the rank and file.
Each one of the blood-bought is dear to God; and the waters of judgment shall not be loosed from their leash, till
the entire body is saved to sin no more --Miss Much-Afraid, and Mr. Fearing equally with Mr. Greatheart.
JOSHUA 4
THE TWOFOLD MEMORIAL
This chapter records the erection by Divine command of a double memorial of Israel's passage of the Jordan.
Jos 4:1-8 The memorial of resurrection, m Twelve stones were brought up out of the Jordan, and erected in Gilgal
(Joshua 3:20). They would last, at least, for a generation, citing questions, which would give an opportunity for
fathers to tell their children the story of the passage. Spiritually, this heap of stones sets forth our oneness
with the true Joshua in His resurrection life. We need to be perpetually reminded of it. The memorial must be ever
before the eye of the faith. There is no key to spiritual victory more sure than this. "If ye then be risen
with Christ, seek..." (Col 3:1).
Jos 4:9 The memorial of death. -- In the river bed twelve stones were placed where the priests' feet had stood,
to give visual demonstration that the people had really been in those oozy depths. Let us not forget the death
that we deserved to die, and that Jesus suffered for us. Having died with Him, let us mortify our members which
are upon the earth (Col 3:5).
Jos 4:10-19 The return of the waters. -- Evidently the presence of the ark was the one sufficient power by which
those waters were restrained; for when the bearers regained the further bank, the stream flowed on as before (Jos
4:18). Is it not thus that the presence of the Saviour, whom the ark and the priesthood typified, arrests the avalanche
of judgment incurred by our sins, and stays the penalty which was our just dessert? And, in addition, we are reminded
that we should put Him between us and every threatening stroke of man or devil. Let Him stand between your heart
and your dread. Nothing can hurt you, if you shelter yourself behind His living grace and power. But oh, how bitter
will be the anguish of those, who, in rejecting Christ, have thrust away the only screen from the waters of death
and judgment! It is suggested also that these are held back, only because God's people are yet passing through.
Jos 4:20-24 Joshua's outlook. -- If we live to do God's will, He will magnify us, and give us the faith and love
of men (Jos 4:14). Joshua was set on God's glory. His one desire was that all the peoples of the earth should recognize
Him, and that His people might be true to Him (Jos 4:24).
JOSHUA 5
CIRCUMCISION RENEWED
Jos 5:1 The terror of Canaan. -- Evidently the people of the land realized the supremacy of Jehovah, and the impending
judgment on their sins. This made their long and strenuous resistance less justifiable. They knew that they were
fighting against the Almighty.
Jos 5:2-9 Circumcision. -- The men who at Kadesh (Num. 14) had come under God's judgment were all dead. During
their lifetime it is thought that the covenant was practically abrogated or in abeyance. This seems the meaning
of Jos 5:6. And hence the badge of the rite was discontinued. But now that they were about to face their foes,
and go up to possess the land, it was needful that the entire people should stand in the covenant; and that there
should be, at least symbolically, a putting away of all filthiness of the flesh and spirit. "The reproach
of Egypt" (Jos 5:9), which the Lord rolled away, seems to refer to the taunts and reproaches uttered by the
Egyptians, who practiced circumcision, against Israel for not performing this rite.
Israel crossed the Jordan in an uncircumcised condition, but the rite was immediately attended to. So, in God's
put-pose, all believers in Christ have passed from death into life; but it behooves us immediately to mortify our
members which are upon the earth, and to put off the old man. It is impossible to enter into the Rest of God until
we have put away all known filthiness of the flesh and spirit (Col 2:11).
Jos 5:10-12 The keeping of the Passover. -- The circumcised soul may eat the Passover. When we are living up to
our light, we may freely feed on Christ, who is alike the Paschal Lamb, the Manna, and the old corn of the land.
He alone is the Bread of souls. The Passover had not been kept since the hosts left Sinai.
Jos 5:13-15 The Captain of the Lord's host. -- This must have been our Lord, who thus anticipated His Incarnation.
The hosts of which He spake must have been some angelic legion, which was being led into conflict against the wicked
spirits that ruled the darkness of Canaan. God usually gave a special revelation of Himself, and a promise, before
some great crisis of temptation or service.
JOSHUA 6
JERICHO TAKEN
Joshua 6:1-16 Its siege. -- The last three verses of the previous chapter belong to this. The first verse is parenthetic;
and the Lord, who speaks to Joshua (Jos 6:2), is the real Commander. He gives instructions to Joshua, which Joshua
transmits to the priests (Jos 6:6), and they to the people (Jos 6:7). They were to do as little as possible; but
exert faith in God, who would do all. Jehovah, who dwells between the cherubim, was the mighty worker. His ark
in its repeated circuit, His priests, His determination of the times to be silent or to shout, His appointment
of the division of the spoil -- all showed that the stress of the conflict was on God; while Israel only took what
He gave (Joshua 6:2-21).
A profound lesson is taught in the fall of Jericho, which may well help us in spiritual conflict. The battle is
not ours, but God's. He performeth all things for us. To Him, things that are impossible with man are easily possible.
The walls that resist our progress may be high to heaven, and manned by mighty foes; but they shall crumble before
the assault of the heavenly legions, and we shall go forward and take.
Jos 6:17-20 Its capture. -- The taking of the city was the occasion of making good to Rahab, and all found in her
house, the covenant mercy that had been promised her. May we and all who bear our name be at last found within
the shelter of the covenant of God's grace! But let us beware! Rahab, the Gentile sinner, was saved; but Achan,
the child of Abraham, took of the forbidden thing, and perished.
Jos 6:21-27 Its destruction. -- The utter destruction of Jericho and its people was in keeping with the stern sense
of righteous retribution for sin, which was characteristic of those times. No doubt the evil of the city was very
great, and would have infected Israel and the world. But the Son of Man came not to destroy men's lives, but to
save. Let us remember that God did not legislate in advance of the dispensation to which these Israelites belonged.
The city was "accursed" (Jos 6:26), that is, "devoted to utter destruction" (Wilson). The curse
upon the rebuilder was fulfilled in the reign of Ahab upon the family of Hiel, the Bethelite, who laid the foundation
simultaneously with the death of his first-born, and set up the gates with that of his youngest son (1Ki 16:34).
But Jesus stayed there in the house of Zaccheus, and brought salvation into the house of the despised publican.
JOSHUA 7
THE SIN OF ACHAN
Jos 7:1-6 Israel's defeat. -- Israel was now taught that victory is only possible where there are literal obedience
and entire consecration. We cannot hope to overcome our foes or surmount the difficulties of life, unless we are
living in unclouded fellowship with God. Asa was taught the same lesson (2Ch 15:2). The reverse coming on the people,
flushed with victory, must have been very bitter; but the moral issues at stake were great enough to compensate
God in giving them pain. Besides, in the nature of things, those spiritual allies, "the Lord's host:' could
not cooperate while known evil was harbored in Israel. Canaan was a gift to faith; and the maintenance of a strong
spiritual life in Israel was peremptory. The gold and silver that Achan stole was consecrated to God (Jos 6:19),
so that his sin was sacrilege as well as theft.
Ai (Gen 12:8; Gen 13:3) was a considerable town, two miles to the north of Jericho and east of Bethel, containing
twelve thousand (Jos 8:25) people, but was smaller than Jericho; and the spies probably undervalued its power of
resistance. The recent victory filled them with conceited confidence. They forgot that without God we are powerless
against the smallest opposition; with God triumphant over the greatest.
Jos 7:7-9 Joshua's confession. -- If Joshua had been living in closer fellowship with God, he would probably have
been led to detect the presence of this evil in the midst of Israel; as Peter did that of Ananias and Sapphira.
But he did the next best thing in prostrating himself in confession and prayer. His most potent plea with God was
for the honor of God.
He had learned to view matters from the Divine standpoint during his association with Moses.
Jos 7:10-15 The Divine summons. -- There are times when we should no longer remain on our faces, but we should
arise to put away the sin, which is revealed as lying at the root of defeat, whether in the personal or collective
life. "Get thee up" In detecting the sin, which has produced failure, we must be specific, casting lots
among the several faculties of the inner life. Sin has a pedigree. You may always trace out its parentage: "Achan,
the son of..." (Jos 7:1). When sin has been judged, the valley of Achor (trouble) becomes a "door of
hope,' through which we pass to victory (Hos 2:15).
Jos 7:16-26 Deserved punishment. -- Achan's family had been privy to his crime. It could hardly have been otherwise,
since the goods were buried in the common tent. All therefore shared in his fate. It was a terrible tragedy; but
we must remember that God's dealings with the people were necessarily dictated by their moral condition and the
notions of the age in which they lived.
JOSHUA 8
AI TAKEN
Jos 8:1-9 The plan of bathe. -- Now that evil had been put away, God could assure Israel of victory, and could
speak of the city as already given into the hands of His people. When we are right with God, He often lets us see
our victories in advance, and we have but to take what He holds before us. At the same time, His gift is contingent
on our energetic action: "Arise, go up"
It is remarkable that the restriction as to appropriating the spoil, which had been in force in the case of Jericho,
is here removed. There are certain great distinctions of right and wrong, which are, so to speak, asserted by conscience
as fundamental. But, in some cases, God has announced a special code of rites and regulations -- such as the Levitical
code; and as in the case of Jericho, which, having been arbitrarily imposed, could be arbitrarily removed, when
they had served their purpose. All this was an unexampled benefit, as a means of education and discipline.
Joshua 8:10-29 A successful issue. -- Under cover of night, thirty thousand men were sent to station themselves
as an ambush; of these five thousand concealed themselves in the immediate neighborhood of that town. The chief
magistrates of Israel accompanied him, that there might be an equal distribution of spoil between the combatants
and the rest of Israel (Num 31:27). "At a time appointed" (Jos 8:14) may refer to a concert between the
people of Ai and those of Bethel, for the towns were contiguous and confederate. At the signal of the uplifted
spear the ambush fired the city, and the forces under Joshua turned back on their pursuers.
Jos 8:30-35 After the battle. -- After the fall of Ai, the war, for a time, was suspended. The Divine Hand restrained
the Canaanites from interfering with the obedience of Israel to the Mosiac Code. The whole nation was marshalled
at the mountains Ebal and Gerizim to hear the law recited; and that, from the one side and the other, the Amens
could be uttered by the thunderous voices of the tribes. We learn from Deu 27:13 that the curses were to be pronounced
from Mount Ebal. It was appropriate therefore that the altar should be erected there (Jos 8:30).
This was one of the most impressive scenes that occurred during the occupation of Canaan. Jericho and Ai were heaps
of blackened ruins; their kings and people utterly destroyed; their dependent villages mute with terror. And all
through the land the rumor ran of the might of Israel's God.
We are taught by this gathering that a pause must be often put on the activities of life, that we may consider
the claims of God, and repeat our adhesion to His holy law. Let us go further, and ask that, as the law was written
of old on those mighty stones, so it may be engraven on the tablets of our hearts, freely yielded to the hand of
God. Thus, though the law cannot be the means of our justification, it may become the rule of our conscience. And
as we live in the power of the Holy Ghost, we shall find ourselves increasingly moulded to its lofty ideal (Heb
8:10). "Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us" (Gal 3:13).
JOSHUA 9
A LEAGUE WITH GIBEON
Joshua 9:1-2 The alarm of Canaan. -- The presence of a common danger forced the nations of Canaan to lay aside
their internecine strife, in order to combine for self-preservation. Would that the various sections of the visible
Church might see their way to adopt a similar policy!
Jos 9:3-15 The wiles of Gibeon. -- Gibeon is now known as El-Jib, and lies about five miles north of Jerusalem.
Its name means "built on a hill:' The Church of God has always more to dread from the wiles of the devil than
from his open attacks. The supposed conversion of Constantine was more hostile to her than the ten persecutions
of Rome. The world is ever seeking to enter the ranks of the Church, to dilute its spirituality. Appeal is made
to our pity, our charity, our broadmindedness; but we shall make a profound mistake if we are swayed by these considerations,
and so miss asking counsel of God (Jos 9:14). There is no reason to believe that, if Israel had asked counsel of
God, the destruction of Gibeon would have been inevitable. Nowhere are Joshua and the princes actually blamed.
Indeed, there was a measure of faith in the Gibeonites (Jos 9:24), as formerly in Rahab, which led to their seeking
this league with Israel, even though through deceptive means.
Jos 9:16-27 Hewers of wood and drawers of water. -- The faith of these people was so far rewarded that, while their
deception was punished by the degradation to a servile condition, their lives were spared; and, to a certain degree,
they were incorporated amongst Israel, and associated in the service of God's house. The oath was a sacred bond,
which no considerations could override; and therefore the Gibeonites were spared. Violation of the covenant with
them in after days was severely punished (2Sa 21:1). How much more will God be true to His covenant relationships
with us, though we be unworthy and unbelieving (2Ti 2:13).
The Gibeonites were afterwards called Nethinim, given (1Ch 9:2; Ezr 2:43; Ezr 8:20); and were appropriated by the
Levites to the service of the sanctuary. If, in the earlier part of your life, you have made some great mistake,
or contracted an alliance that threatens to impede your course, do not sit down to despair; but get useful service
out of your mistake. Let it minister to you in hewing the wood of your sacrifice and drawing water for your spiritual
cleansing.
JOSHUA 10
"THE SUN STOOD STILL"
Jos 10:1-11 The battle of the five kings. -- The five kings combined to smite Gibeon, because it had acted treacherously
to the rest of the Canaanites in making peace with Joshua and the children of Israel. They did not dare to attack
the intruders into Palestine; but they set on those of their own country who had made peace with them. Thus Satan
and his servants oppose us; not only because evil ever hates the good, but because they desire in injuring us to
injure Christ.
The honor of Israel was implicated in this attack on their confederates, and Joshua went immediately to their assistance.
The deception that they had practiced upon him did not alienate his help. Before he started he was assured of victory
(Jos 10:8); but this did not make him slothful or careless. "All the people of war, and all the mighty men
of valor went up with him" So will Jesus aid us in hours of peril. He will not deal with us after our sins,
and He will not slack His hand. He will come up to us quickly, and save and help us.
The Lord's interposition on the behalf of His people seems to have been in a terrific storm. The fugitives had
crossed the high ridge of Upper Beth-horon, and were in full flight down the descent to Beth-horon the Nether,
when one of those fearful tempests, which from time to time sweep over the hills of Palestine, broke on them. Hailstones
in the East are often as large as walnuts, and bigger; and frequently destroy life. Notice the immunity of Israel,
proving that the storm was due to Divine interposition.
Jos 10:12-14 The sun and moon stand still. N We are not called upon to understand or explain this miracle. The
prolongation of daylight must have been attained by the introduction of laws of which we are ignorant; but which
may be illustrated by the after-glow of sunset, and the optical refractions on the mountains. God has many methods
of aiding those that trust Him, and His omnipotence can never be baffled.
Jos 10:15-27 The fate of the allied kings. -- The cave at Makkedah would be a perpetual reminder to after generations
of the wonderful victory which God gave His people. The details of the placing the feet on their necks, and of
their doom, are given with great precision to show the completeness of the conquest. Thus shall it be at the end
of the present age; for we are told that all the enemies of Christ shall be put under His feet (1Co 15:25). We
may, therefore, well appropriate the words of Joshua (Jos 10:25) as we look out on the mighty forces gathered against
Christ and His Church.
Joshua 10:28-43 The subjugation of the remainder of Southern Palestine. -- Joshua's career was one of unbroken
success, because the Lord went before him, delivering kings and cities, armies and peoples, into his hands. God
fought for Israel. It was a war of utter extermination; and, terrible as this appears, it was probably the only
way by which the infection of heathenish and abominable practices could be arrested. The iniquity of the Canaanites
was full, all previous warnings had been disregarded; in mercy to the rest of the nations, and especially Israel,
the plague-spot must be eradicated.
JOSHUA 11
THE CONQUEST OF THE NORTH
Jos 11:1-9 The defeat of the Northern confederation. -- The scene is here removed to the Waters of Merom, in the
north of Canaan. Jabin took the lead. But that name was, like Pharaoh, an hereditary title (Jdg 4:2). Hazor was
the capital of the region. It was an uprising of the whole of the northern peoples to oppose the further progress
of Israel. Amorite and Hittite, Perizzite and Jebusite, the Canaanites on the east and on the west, were summoned
to the one supreme effort of resistance. The result was a vast concourse of men, horses, and chariots (Jos 11:4).
Joshua's heart may well have failed him; but on the night before the battle, he was reassured by the Divine promise:
"Be not afraid!' (Jos 11:6).
Under the cover of night, and perhaps after a forced march, Joshua fell suddenly on the vast host. The Septuagint
compares his attack to the falling of a thunderbolt. The effect was immediate and complete, The host was immediately
routed and dissolved. Some fled over the mountains to Zidon, others eastward to the plain of Mizpeh. The crippling
of the horses was to disable them, and to remove from Israel the temptation of forming a great standing army (Deu
17:16; Isa 31:1).
Jos 11:10-15 The subjugation of the North. -- Hazor was destroyed. The king was beheaded by the sword instead of
being hanged on the gallows, because of his great position. The other cities, standing on their mounds (Jos 11:13)
or eminences, were also destroyed. God's will was literally carried out (Jos 11:15). Oh to have a record like that
given of this simple-minded soldier: "He left nothing undone!" It is only as we literally obey God that
we can count on victory over heart-sins, or on success in Christian work.
Jos 11:16-23 Rest from war. -- We do not know certainly how long the struggle lasted. The long time (Jos 11:18)
seems to have been not less than five, or more probably seven, years (Jos 14:10). And it was only in the reign
of David that the ancient inhabitants of Canaan were finally destroyed or merged with Israel. The Anakim, in the
days of unbelief, had been Israel's special dread (Deu 1:28). These were now exterminated with a few exceptions.
So do formidable difficulties disappear when we come to them in the power of God. It was a pity that any were left,
as they became sources of great weakness and danger; just as any failure in consecration or permission of heart-sins
will bring with them inevitable failure and disappointment. Note that Joshua took the land, and then gave it to
Israel; so Christ has received the fulness of the Spirit and all spiritual blessings as the trustee of those who
believe. But we must claim and possess them by faith. Then at last there will be rest (Jos 11:23). We shall be
satisfied with the abundance of grace which is ours in enjoyment as well as by right.
JOSHUA 12
ISRAEL'S VICTORIES
This chapter summarizes Israel's victories, so far at least as the names of the kings are concerned.
Jos 12:1-6 The two kings on the Eastern bank of Jordan. -- Sihon and Og are often named in subsequent parts of
the Old Testament, as though Israel's earliest victories over them had left an indelible impression on their minds
(Psa 136:19, Psa 136:20).
From the river Arnon on the south to the range of Hermon on the north, lay the territory which Moses acquired for,
and allotted to, the two tribes and a half. It was never closely incorporated with the history of the chosen people;
and reminds us of those natural virtues in the personal character, which may be beautiful and attractive, but have
never passed through the Jordan of fellowship with Christ in His death.
Joshua 12:7-24 The thirty-one kings on the Western bank. -- It seems strange in the light of subsequent history
to find that one of these was the king of Jerusalem (Jos 12:10); and yet it was not till four hundred years had
passed that the Jebusites were driven out by David (2Sa 5:6), so slack were the people of Israel to avail themselves
of God's provision, and enter upon the results of Joshua's victories. In like manner, it is one thing to rejoice
in the victory which our Joshua -- the Lord Jesus -- has won for us (Col 2:15); it is another to follow it up,
and claim its results.
JOSHUA 13
THE DIVISION OF THE COUNTRY
With this chapter we commence the second part of this book, which records in this and the following chapters the
division of the conquered territory among the tribes. It is the Doomsday Book of the conquest.
Jos 13:1-6 The land which remained unoccupied. -- Joshua was probably about one hundred years old, and since the
pattition of the land, and the settlement of the people fell, as part of his duty, it was needful that it should
be pressed forward. The enumeration begins with the south-western district, and goes northward. It includes the
whole of Philistia (Jos 13:3). Then it comprises the region of Upper Galilee at the extreme north (Jos 13:4, Jos
13:5, Jos 13:6). These territories, though still in the occupation of the original inhabitants, were to be allotted
to the tribes of Israel; and God would afterwards give them the complete possession and enjoyment. How significant
the sentence, "There remaineth yet very much land to be possessed"! This is true of tracts of the Bible,
seldom explored by ordinary Christians; of regions of experience, such as deliverance from the power of sin and
dying with Christ; and of countries of the world, never yet trodden by the feet of the ambassadors of peace.
Joshua 13:7-33 A recapitulation of what Moses had allotted, m There is a great sadness in the words, which so often
recur in these chapters and in the Book of Judges, "Nevertheless the children of Israel drove not out..."
It is all the more terrible, when we remember the reiterated promise of God that He would settle His people. They
either did not believe that God meant what He said, or did not arouse themselves from their indolent apathy to
claim and use His help. We must first comprehend so far as we may what we have in Christ, and then proceed to apprehend
it by faith.
The remark about the tribe of Levi having no inheritance assigned to them (Jos 13:14), because of the sacrifices
of God which were theirs, is not introduced to disparage Levi; but to enhance the honor done to them, since theirs
was a possession which could not be injured by their failures and sins. "The Lord God of Israel was their
inheritance" (Jos 13:33). Thus the Lord is the portion of His people. We are heirs of God. All that is in
Him is there for us. Let us live near the altar, to minister to Him, and receive our portion from the fire. And
let us be His worthy portion!
The sad end of Balaam recorded here (Jos 13:22) is the melancholy close of a perverted course. He was once God's
mouth-piece. But he thought to divorce character from his prophetic functions. In the New Testament he is the type
of the corrupt and apostate portion of the Christian ministry (2Pe 2:15; Jud 1:11). His special sin was theirs,
as Jude puts it: "They cast themselves away for hire" (R.V., marg.).
JOSHUA 14
THE PORTION OF CALEB
Jos 14:1-5 A summary of the position. -- The division of the land between the nine and a half tribes was by lot.
This method was adopted to remove all cause of jealousy, or appearance of favoritism. The lot denoted God's choice
(Pro 16:33; and Pro 18:18). It should be used only under His direct suggestion, and in dependence on His providence;
and the absence of any mention of His enjoining it in Act 1:26 will always make it doubtful whether Matthias was
really chosen to occupy the place of Judas. How important it is that God should choose our inheritance for us!
There is no such thing as fate or chance; all is under rule.
Jos 14:10 throws an important light on the chronology of the period. The promise referred to by Caleb was given
in the second year after the Exodus (Num 14:20-30). Consequently, forty-five years brings us to the seventh year
after their entering Canaan, which shows that the occupation of the land -- the subject of this book -- took about
seven years.
Jos 14:6-15 Caleb's address and request. -- Notice how Caleb dwells on his old fellowship with Joshua in the spying
of the land, and speaks of their faithless fellows as brethren. His genealogy is given (1Ch 4:13-15). His name,
Kenezite, indicates that his ancestors had belonged to some tribe friendly to the Israelites, as Jethro and the
Kenites (1Ch 11:8). In his request he went back to words spoken forty-five years before. How he must have lived
on that promise! They that wait for God cannot be ashamed. The Anakim were a branch of the Rephaim, and were formidable
both for their stature and war-like qualities (Num 13:33; Deu 2:10, Deu 2:11).
In all simplicity Caleb recalls his consecration in wholly following God. He attributes his hale strength and preservation,
his vigor in war and faith, his certain victory over the great and fenced cities, to the fact that he was living
in abiding fellowship with the Almighty.
Hebron is assigned to him. The word means "fellowship," and denotes that blessed communion with God into
which faith introduces the soul, and which is a condition of serenity and calm. The Apostle John might have dated
his first epistle from Hebron. Its former name, "the city of Arba" (a famous Anakite), bore witness to
God's faithfulness (Num 14:8). Those that follow the Lord wholly enter the Land of Promise in unwaning energy,
subdue their foes, and find a scene of blessed enjoyment in the strong-hold where some dreaded son of Anak had
harbored.
JOSHUA 15
THE TRIBE OF JUDAH
Jos 15:1-12 The border of Judah. -- By the aid of a map, the line of the border may be followed on the south from
the Dead Sea to the Mediterranean; on the north through Gilgal and Kirjathjearim. It is to be noticed that it ran
on the south side of Jerusalem (Jos 15:8); so that, strictly speaking, the city which was to play so important
a part belonged at first, not to Judah, but to Benjamin (see also Jos 18:16-28). God's choice of the city to put
his name there, and of Judah to be the reigning tribe, together with David's conquest of Zion (2Sa 5:7), virtually
brought it into the possession of Judah.
Jos 15:13-19 The request of Achsah. -- Her pleading with Caleb that, in addition to his gift of a south land, he
should give her further "springs of water" suggests that God's children should not be content with their
inheritance in Christ, but should seek also the fulness of the Holy Spirit. Our heavenly standing in our Lord is
comparatively valueless apart from the Spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of Him (Eph 1:17). Caleb
gave Achsah "upper and nether springs"; so God gives exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think.
Kirjath means a fortress, and Sepher a book; it was the city of the book. Recent discoveries have proved that,
probably through the influence of Egypt, the Hittites had obtained to a considerable degree of learning and civilization.
Othniel was the son of Caleb's younger brother. Achsah had urged her husband to press his suit for himself; but
as he shrank from this, she spoke herself, probably at the time when she was removing from her father's to her
husband's dwelling-place.
Joshua 15:21-63 A catalog of Judah's cities. -- Ashdod and Gaza (Jos 15:47) were afterwards regarded as cities
of the Philistines (Jdg 16:21; 1Sa 5:1). They had, however, no right to them, as they were clearly included in
the territory of Israel. Let us beware of leaving strongholds of sin in our hearts; they will be the worst enemies
of our peace and power. Alas for the record of Jos 15:63! But God was perfectly willing to do for the children
of Judah what He did afterwards for David. But "they entered not in because of unbelief:'
JOSHUA 16
THE TRIBE OF EPHRAIM
Jos 16:1-4 With Manasseh. -- The two tribes which sprang from Joseph drew one lot between them (Jos 16:1), and,
therefore, their territories were contiguous. The Speaker's Commentary says: "The territory allotted to these
two powerful tribes comprises the central, and, in every way, the choicest part of Canaan, west of Jordan. The
hills of this district, making up what is called Mount Ephraim (Jos 20:7), are less high, and far less barren than
those of Judah; the water supply is much larger; and the very rich and fertile plains of Sharon and Esdraelon are
left between the rocky fastnesses of Benjamin on the south, and the highlands of Galilee, belonging to Issachar,
on the north:' In the richness of this fair portion, we see a fulfillment of the blessings foretold by Jacob (Gen
49:25), and by Moses (Deu 33:16).
Jos 16:5-10 Alone. -- The fact of several cities of Ephraim being situated in the territory of Manasseh probably
arose from their own being inadequate to contain all their people. Manasseh, on the other hand, appears to have
been recompensed at the expense of Issachar and Asher (17:11).
It is sad to learn that the children of Joseph took their inheritance (Jos 16:4), but that "Ephraim drove
not out the Canaanites" (Jos 16:10). And the mention of Gezer in Jos 10:33 and Jos 12:12, as a city whose
king and people were exterminated by Joshua, makes the failure yet more culpable. This sad lapse is referred to
in Jdg 1:29 and Psa 76:9. In the latter passage, it is expressly said that Ephraim was well equipped, yet they
turned back. How often have we turned back when opportunities lay open to us, and we were well equipped for them,
and God was waiting to give us blessed successes! This sad record is abundantly true of our service and character.
JOSHUA 17
THE TRIBE OF MANASSEH
Jos 17:1-13 The borders of the tribe. -- In the first verse the reference is to the half tribe which was settled
to the east of Jordan; in the second, our attention is recalled to the west. As firstborn of Joseph, this great
tribe was entitled to a double portion.
The daughters of Zelophehad claimed the portion which had been promised them (Jos 17:4). It was not enough that
God had commanded Moses; the girls came to Joshua asking that their portion might be given according to promise
(Num 27:1). There is a clear necessity in all lives that we should put in our claims with God. We must ask and
receive, that our joy may be full.
There is a melancholy emphasis on the words could and would in Jos 17:12. They are both emphatic in the original.
The "could not" of unbelief gives an occasion to the "would" of the foe. The word "impossible"
has no right in a Christian man's vocabulary. "All things are possible to him that believeth.'
Jos 17:14-18 The complaint of the children of Joseph. -- The greatness to which they referred seems to apply, not
to their numbers -- for according to the census of Num. 26, the two tribes united did not very far exceed that
of Judah, and one half of Manasseh had already had their allotment on the other side of Jordan -- but to their
estimate of their position in Israel, by virtue of the special promises to Joseph. However, Joshua, himself an
Ephraimite, exhorted them to show their greatness by their deeds. Moreover, their territory was amply large enough
if only they would cut down the wood which covered the hills, and drive out the Canaanites, who, with iron chariots,
held the valleys.
All around us there is an uncleared forest. If we are wanting opportunities for Christian usefulness, they are
all around us. By faith and courage let us put the fences of occupation further back, and take in new portions
of territory, as yet unheld. What a precious promise for the Christian worker is contained in Jos 17:18!
JOSHUA 18
THE TABERNACLE AT SHILOH
The first verse records an event of great importance, which engaged the attention of the entire people. The Tabernacle
had remained at Gilgal; it must now be removed to Shiloh, a site selected by God Himself (Deu 12:11; Psa 78:60).
It is supposed that the name Shiloh, which means rest, and which recalls the prophecy of the dying Jacob, was given
at this time, because war was at an end. The honor of having God's dwelling-place within its border was probably
given to Ephraim, as the tribe to which Joshua belonged.
Jos 18:2-10 A further survey of the Land. -- As an inducement to the more speedy occupation of the land, a company
of twenty-one was dispatched to search the land and bring Joshua an accurate report, on the receipt of which he
would cast lots before the Lord. How many Christians may be accused of being slack to occupy their heritage in
Christ! And to stir us up, God has been sending His commissioners first to see and then to report the greatness
of our privileges in Jesus.
Joshua 18:11-28 The portion of Benjamin. -- The sixteenth verse clearly indicates that Jerusalem was included in
the confines of Benjamin (Jos 18:28). But the Jebusite held possession till David's time (2Sa 5:6). The children
of Benjamin dwell between the shoulders of God; let them, therefore, arise and win their Jerusalems for Him, in
His strength, so that there may no more pass through them the uncircumcised and the unclean.
JOSHUA 19
THE DIVISION COMPLETED
The bulk of this chapter is occupied with a recital of the remaining tribes and their boundaries.
Jos 19:2 Beersheba. -- This historic town fell within the confines of Simeon. It was the extreme point of the land;
so that "from Dan to Beersheba" became an abbreviated expression for the entire country. Simeon's lot
was taken out of that of Judah, which was too much for them (Jos 19:9).
Jos 19:47 The border of Dan. -- The R.V. reads, "The border of the children of Dan went out beyond them"
and thus introduces an account of the expedition of the Danite against Laish, which is more fully recorded in Judges
18. Dan first set up idolatry (Jdg 18:30); and its name disappears altogether from the list of the tribes in Revelation
7.
Jos 19:50 Joshua's inheritance. -- The veteran leader had earned a good reward, and received it. Timnath-serah
is also called Timnath-heres, "portion of the sun" Perhaps it lay especially towards the ripening rays
of the sun. And in a spiritual sense, they who wholly follow the Lord inherit the light of His face, and walk in
the light of His smile. Christian, when he stayed at the Palace Beautiful, slept in the chamber Peace, which looked
toward the sun-rising.
JOSHUA 20
THE CITIES OF REFUGE
Jos 20:1-3 For whom the Cities of Refuge were prepared. -- These arrangements were the carrying into effect of
directions given in more detail in Numbers 35:9-34. In each passage, a careful distinction is drawn between deliberate
murder and unintentional homicide. Those alone who had committed the latter were eligible for refuge.
Jos 20:4-5 How the fugitive was received. -- The fugitive told his story to the elders at the gate, and was admitted
provisionally (Jos 20:4); but his case was afterwards fully investigated by the citizens of the city, as he stood
before them for judgment. Note how clear a distinction was thus drawn between sins of ignorance and of presumption.
The latter harden the heart and deaden the conscience, and are very grievous in the sight of God. Abide in Christ,
and you will be held back from presumptuous faults, while you will be sheltered from the consequences of unpremeditated
transgression.
Jos 20:6 How long the fugitive might remain. -- He might dwell in the city until the death of the high-priest.
The usual explanation being that "the atoning death of our Saviour cast its shadow beforehand on the statute-book
of the law. The high-priest was pre-eminently a type of Christ; and thus the death of each high-priest pre-signified
that death by which captive souls are freed, and the remembrance of sins made to cease" (Speaker's Commentary).
Jos 20:7-9 Where the Cities were situated. -- If the map be carefully studied, it will be seen that they were so
disposed as to give three on each side of Jordan, about equally distant from one another, and so within easy access
from all parts of the land. For spiritual references, see Pro 18:10, and Heb 6:18.
JOSHUA 21
THE LEVITES' CITIES
Joshua 21:1-40 The Cities given by lot. -- After the cities of refuge had been provided, those that were to be
set apart for the priests, members of the house of Aaron, and for the Levites, were next allotted, according to
the Divine command to Moses (Num 35:1-8). The Levites were divided into Kohathites, Gershonites, and Merarites.
The family of Aaron, which constituted the priests, was drawn from the former of these bodies. The first lot was
drawn by the Kohathites, and among them again the first lot was drawn by the house of Aaron. Forty-two cities in
all were devoted to the Levites, and the six cities of refuge in addition. It is noteworthy that thirteen of these
cities were by lot appointed to the priests in the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Simeon -- the tribes nearest
to Jerusalem, where their services would ultimately be required. A striking testimony to the whole disposing of
the lot being of God (Pro 16:33). He alone knew what city He would hereafter choose to put His name there (Deu
12:5).
Jos 21:41 Forty-and-eight Cities. -- As skeptics quibble at what seems to have been an excessive number of cities
provided for Levites and priests, "it may be well to note that they were not the sole possessors of these
towns; but simply received the number of dwelling houses actually needed, with the pasture land required for their
cattle, the rest of the space still belonging to the tribe" (Keil).
Jos 21:43-45. -- The concluding verses represent the general state of things about the period of Joshua's death
(see his words, Jos 23:14). So far as God's promises went, there was no failure on his part to make them good.
What failure there was arose entirely from their lack of faith and courage. "It is true the Canaanites were
not all exterminated; but those who were left were become so powerless that they could neither attempt, not accomplish,
anything against Israel, so long as the Israelites adhered faithfully to their God" (Keil).
How emphatically the chronicler ascribes all to God. "The Lord gave Israel all the land.., the Lord gave them
rest... the Lord delivered them" This is the secret of a successful and blessed life. Live near the springs
of life, and learn to receive from the Divine fulness, grace upon grace.
JOSHUA 22
THE ALTAR OF WITNESS
Jos 22:1-9 The two and one half tribes dismissed with Joshua's blessing. -- There was dignity and generous appreciation
of services rendered, as Joshua dismissed the warriors to their possessions. Something like, "Well done, good
and faithful servant" rings through his words. But he takes care to remind them repeatedly that the tenure
of their land rested entirely on their obedience to God. The mention of Moses (Jos 22:5) as the one from whom they
received their inheritance accords with Gal 3:19-20. But may it not account for their speedy dispossession of their
territory, that they received it not as the gift of God's grace through Joshua, but on the condition of obedience
through Moses? Their failure to observe the terms of the covenant nullified it.
Jos 22:10-20 The altar, and the contention to which it led. -- The expressions seem to denote that this altar was
erected on the eastern bank of the Jordan, within the limits of the two and a half tribes. It was "over against"
the land of Canaan. Perhaps it was a facsimile of that at Shiloh.
The motive that prompted the two and one half tribes in the erection of this altar was good; they wished to identify
themselves as of Israel, and to cement the union. But these ends would have been better secured, if they had obeyed
God's command of assembling with the rest of Israel at the great annual festivals. The words, "and the children
of Israel heard say" (Jos 22:11), show the mistake of acting on "hear-say" evidence. So serious
an accusation should not have been given credence to, until every means of ascertaining its truth had been investigated.
Christians should be equally careful of accepting or circulating charges against their brethren. The offer of Israel,
however, was a noble one, that their brethren should dwell with themselves on the western bank of Jordan, rather
than be led to a sin which might, as in the case of Achan, involve the whole nation in sin and trouble.
Jos 22:21-34 The reply of the two and one half tribes. -- The spirited protest of the unjustly accused tribes is
full of truth and dignity, and quickly dissipated the wrath of Israel (Jos 22:22). Though this wrath was too hasty,
we cannot but admire the zeal of the people against what they assumed, however wrongly, to be a serious breach
of God's commandments. Would that it had been maintained throughout their subsequent history! Then their peace
had been as a river, and their righteousness as the waves of the sea. But the Lord's rule should always be followed.
Before indulging even in righteous indignation, speak to your brother first, alone.
This altar, bearing witness to the unity of Israel, reminds us of the many attempts, made in all ages, to promote
the unity of God's people by creeds or by confederations. But the true unity is already formed in the risen Christ,
between Him and those who are one with Him. We are one in Him. The one need is that we should all manifest that
unity (Eph 4:1-6).
JOSHUA 23
CLEAVE UNTO THE LORD
Jos 23:1-4 A recital of the past. -- Joshua's anxious solicitude for the welfare of his people, after his death,
has New Testament parallels in the anxieties of the Apostles Paul and Peter (Act 20:29; 2Pe 1:13-15); but most
of all in Christ's tender solicitude for His people (John 13-17). It must have been a memorable meeting between
the aged leader and his veteran friends and officers. He still lays stress, as in earlier days, on what the Lord
had done: "It is He that fought for you" (Jos 23:3); "The Lord your God shall thrust out" (Jos
23:5); "The Lord hath driven out" (Jos 23:9). Not one ray of glory is stolen for himself.
Jos 23:5-16 Arguments for steadfastness, m These may be in three aspects.
Jos 23:5 Promises. -- If only they would cleave to God, He would give them possession of parts of the land still
unconquered. God's blessing would secure a succession of easy victories. Our failure in Christian life to drive
out our foes arises from our failure to cleave unto the Lord. A lack of consecration lies at the root of all failure
in conflict. Cleaving to the Lord is equivalent to whole-hearted abiding in Jesus. He fights for His own.
Jos 23:11-13 Threatenings. -- If they went back, either in idolatry or in intermarriage, God would withdraw His
help and blessing. These words also have a message for ourselves. We are all tempted to ally ourselves with those
who know not God. It is so easy to trust in an arm of flesh. But God will be no party to such alliances. We must
come out from among them and be separate, and not touch the unclean thing, if we would be His sons and daughters.
Or if we still cling to them, our hearts will have to be delivered, as was Israel, through terrible sufferings.
Jos 23:14-16 Exhortations. -- These verses give a sad summary and compendium of Israel's after history. Their last
great sin, for which they have been dispersed, is included in these sad words of foreboding fear. They cleaved
to other nations. But in contrast to man's inconstancy and infidelity, notice the sublime testimony to the faithfulness
of God. "Not one thing hath failed:' We may appropriate this assurance to ourselves. When at last we review
our life, we shall also be able to say that we have not been ashamed. "He abideth faithful:' Our sins cannot
annul the covenant.
The last two verses of the chapter disclose what must ever be the end of all man's attempts to keep the covenant
of works. Our only hope is in the New Covenant of which Jer 31:31 speaks. Jesus must stand in our behalf, fulfill
the law, and secure its fulfillment in our hearts.
JOSHUA 24
CHOOSE YE THIS DAY
Jos 24:1 The assembling of the Tribes. -- The previous chapter contained Joshua's own last words of warning to
Israel; here he is God's mouthpiece to give His message to the people: "Thus saith the Lord God of Israel:'
Hence a great meeting of the representatives of Israel was convened at Shechem, where the covenant had been solemnly
renewed (Jos 8:30-35).
Jos 24:2-13 God recapitulates His past mercies. -- From his opening words we gather that Abraham was called out
from an idolatrous family (Jos 24:2); and from the closing words that the position of Israel was entirely due to
the Divine favor and grace (Jos 24:12). How true is this of our inheritance in Jesus! We are indebted for all we
are and have, to unbounded mercy.
Jos 24:14-15 Joshua's entreaty. -- During their sojourn in Egypt Israel had yielded to the fascinations of idolatry
around them (Jos 24:14). This broke out again at Sinai. How often do the sins of our youth and the mistakes of
our early training break out in disastrous harvests in later years! It is brave and right to profess our inalienable
devotion to the cause of God, let others do as they will. "As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord:'
As the head of the household does, so the family.
Jos 24:16-24 The professions of the people. -- The old impetuosity which flamed out at Sinai here repeats itself
(Jos 24:16). The heart of man is so self-confident and so weak; it boasts so much, and fails so terribly. Joshua
did well to discourage and test these proud vauntings; and to show the people that they could not of themselves,
and in their own might, realize God's ideal (Psa 105:4). The Book of Judges is a bitter commentary on these lofty
words.
Jos 24:25-28 The Stone of Witness. -- What that memorial was to Israel, that the ordinances of the Lord's Supper
and of Baptism are to the Church and to the world. We do well sometimes to review the vows we have taken on ourselves.
Jos 24:29-33 Joshua's death. -- As long as Joshua and his contemporaries lived, their influence kept the nation
in the old groove of obedience. Such was the influence of the Apostles on the early Church during the first century.
Let us learn the value of personal testimony and influence. The bones of Joseph were at last deposited (Gen 50:24-26).
Take heart, O child of God! thou mayest have to wait; but His word is as certain as the alternation of day and
night; as steadfast as the everlasting hills.
The book consists of three parts. Chapters 1, 3:4 give the history of events immediately subsequent to the death
of Joshua. Chapters 3, 16 give the story of the Judges from Othniel to Samson. The last portion (Joshua 24:17 to
end) is a collection of narratives of what happened during a course of years when "there was no king in Israel:"